About Ankara
Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and the second largest city in the country after Istanbul. Located in the central part of the country, it’s an important commercial and industrial city and a major transportation hub, connecting different regions of Turkey. Ankara is also the administrative center of Turkey and houses all foreign embassies. Here are some highlights about Ankara: History: Ankara has a rich history dating back to the Bronze Age. It has been occupied by several ancient civilizations, including the Hittites, Phrygians, Persians, Galatians, Romans, Byzantines, and Seljuks. The city’s historical areas are a blend of these cultures. Landmarks: One of the city’s most prominent landmarks is the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, the founder of modern Turkey. Known as Anıtkabir, this site is a symbol of Turkish independence. The city is also home to the second-largest mosque in Turkey, the Kocatepe Mosque, and the historic Roman Temple of Augustus. Museums: Ankara boasts numerous museums. The Museum of Anatolian Civilizations houses a significant collection of archaeological artifacts from different civilizations that inhabited Anatolia. The Rahmi M. Koç Museum is dedicated to the history of transport, industry, and communications. Parks and Green Spaces: Despite being a bustling city, Ankara has numerous parks and green spaces. Gençlik Parkı is a large park in Ankara that contains a man-made lake and several public amenities. Education: Ankara is a center for learning and research. It hosts several universities, including the Middle East Technical University (METU), Bilkent University, and Ankara University. Cuisine: The city is famous for its long-established eating and drinking culture. Ankara is especially known for its goat meat and locally produced wines.How to get to Ankara
Depending on your location and your preferred means of travel, there are several ways you can get to Ankara: By Air: The easiest way to reach Ankara from most international locations is by air. Esenboga International Airport (ESB) is located approximately 28 kilometers northeast of the city center. It offers both domestic and international flights. By Train: Turkey has an extensive railway network. The High-Speed Train (YHT) services run by Turkish State Railways connect Ankara with other major cities like Istanbul and Konya. Ankara’s central train station is located right in the heart of the city. By Bus: Ankara is well connected with the rest of Turkey by a comprehensive intercity bus network. The main bus terminal, AŞTİ (Ankara Şehirlerarası Terminal İşletmesi), is the hub for these services. By Car: If you’re already in Turkey and prefer to drive, you can reach Ankara via several major highways, depending on your point of departure. For instance, the O-4/E80 and O-20/E89 motorways link Ankara with Istanbul, while the O-21/E88 motorway links it with the eastern parts of the country.What to pack for Ankara
The items you pack for a trip to Ankara will depend on the time of year you’re visiting, as the city experiences hot, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. Here are some general packing tips: Clothing: Pack clothing suitable for the climate during your visit. In the summer, lightweight clothing is appropriate, but always carry a light jacket or shawl for cooler evenings and air-conditioned indoor spaces. In winter, bring warm clothing including a coat, gloves, scarves, and hats. Remember to pack comfortable shoes for exploring the city. If you plan to visit religious sites, you’ll need to dress modestly. This generally means clothing that covers your shoulders and knees. A lightweight scarf can be useful for women visiting mosques. Toiletries and Health Supplies: Bring travel-sized toiletries, including toothpaste, shampoo, and conditioner. While these are readily available in Ankara, having small quantities from the outset can be convenient. Don’t forget to pack prescription medications and a first-aid kit. Sunscreen and lip balm with SPF are also essential in the summer months. Travel Documents: Bring your passport, driver’s license, and any necessary visas. It’s also a good idea to carry photocopies of these documents. Electronics: If you’re bringing electronics, remember that Turkey uses Type F power outlets, so you may need to bring an adapter. Don’t forget your chargers and perhaps a portable battery pack for your devices. Money: While credit and debit cards are widely accepted in Ankara, it’s always a good idea to have some Turkish Lira on hand for smaller establishments or in case of emergencies. Guidebooks and Maps: These can be helpful for getting around and learning about the places you’re visiting. There are plenty of mobile apps that can serve this purpose as well. Snacks: Consider packing some travel-friendly snacks, especially if you have specific dietary needs or restrictions. While Ankara has a wide range of food options, having some snacks on hand can help keep hunger at bay during long days of sightseeing. Reusable Water Bottle: Staying hydrated is important, especially during hot summer months. Many hotels and restaurants will have filtered water where you can refill your bottle.Where to stay in Ankara?
Choosing where to stay in Ankara depends on your personal preferences, budget, and the kind of experience you’re looking for. Here are some popular areas to consider: Kızılay: This is the heart of the city, and it’s full of shops, restaurants, and nightlife. There are many hotels in this area to suit various budgets. It is also well-connected with public transport, making it easy to visit other parts of the city. Ulus: This is the historic district of Ankara, full of fascinating sites like the Temple of Augustus, Haci Bayram Mosque, and the Roman Bath. Staying in this area, you can immerse yourself in the history and culture of the city. There are a range of accommodations available, from budget hostels to more luxurious hotels. Çankaya: This is a modern district where many embassies are located. It’s a quieter area with parks, art galleries, and restaurants. There are many high-end hotels in this district, making it a good choice if you’re looking for a more luxurious stay. Kavaklıdere: This is a vibrant district with lots of shops, restaurants, and bars. It is also home to Tunali Hilmi Street, one of the city’s most famous shopping streets. Accommodation in this area tends towards the mid-range and luxury end. Here are a few hotels you might consider: Swissotel Ankara: A luxury hotel offering a variety of rooms and suites, along with amenities like a spa, fitness center, and several restaurants. Sheraton Ankara Hotel & Convention Center: Another luxury option with extensive facilities, located in Kavaklıdere. Divan Çukurhan: This boutique hotel is located near the citadel in the Ulus area. The building is a restored historic caravanserai, offering a unique atmosphere. Ankara HiltonSA: Located in the Kavaklıdere district, this hotel offers all the amenities you would expect from a Hilton, along with easy access to shopping and dining options. Inn 14: A budget-friendly option located in Çankaya with comfortable rooms.What type of climate does Ankara have?
Ankara, the capital of Turkey, has a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa) under the Köppen climate classification, though it is also characterized as a cold semi-arid climate (BSk) due to its precipitation patterns. This means that the city experiences warm, dry summers and cold, snowy winters. Summers (June – August): Summers in Ankara are hot and dry with average high temperatures ranging from 25°C (77°F) to 30°C (86°F). The hottest month is generally July. Autumn (September – November): Autumn sees a gradual cooling down with temperatures ranging from 15°C (59°F) to 25°C (77°F). Rainfall begins to increase during this period. Winter (December – February): Winters in Ankara are cold and often snowy with average temperatures ranging from -4°C (25°F) to 4°C (39°F). The coldest month is usually January. Snowfall is common but not extremely heavy, though it can occasionally lead to disruption in the city. Spring (March – May): Spring is a transition period with temperatures gradually increasing and ranging from 5°C (41°F) to 20°C (68°F). Rainfall is relatively high in April and May.When is the best time to visit Ankara?
The best time to visit Ankara, Turkey depends on what you are most interested in seeing and doing during your visit. Here are a few considerations: Spring (April to June): This is a great time to visit as the weather is mild and the city is in bloom. It’s an ideal time for sightseeing and walking around the city. Autumn (September to November): Similar to spring, the weather is usually mild and pleasant. The city is less crowded as the peak tourist season is over. Summer (July to August): These are the hottest months in Ankara with temperatures that can reach up to 30°C (86°F). While the city is less crowded during these months, the heat can be intense for some visitors. However, this is a good time to visit if you’re interested in attending some of the city’s summer festivals. Winter (December to February): Winters can be quite cold and snow is common. However, if you enjoy winter activities or want to see the city with fewer tourists around, this could be an interesting time to visit. The city has a certain charm during the winter months, especially after a snowfall.The history of Ankara
Ankara, the capital city of modern Turkey, has a history that stretches back over 3,000 years. Here’s a brief overview: Ancient Times: The earliest known settlements in the Ankara region can be traced back to the Bronze Age Hatti civilization, which was succeeded by the Hittites, Phrygians, Lydians, and Persians. Roman Empire: The Romans took control of Ankara in 25 BC when it was incorporated into the Roman province of Galatia. The city was known as Ancyra during this period and was an important commercial and administrative center. The Temple of Augustus, built during the reign of Augustus Caesar, still stands today. Byzantine Era: Following the fall of the Roman Empire, Ankara became part of the Byzantine Empire and faced invasions from various Turkic tribes and Arabs. Ottoman Empire: Ankara was conquered by the Seljuks and then by the Ottoman Turks. During the early years of Ottoman rule, the city’s importance declined, but it saw a revival in the 19th century when it became a major center of the Angora wool trade (Angora was the name used for Ankara during this period). Republic of Turkey: During the Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923), Ankara was chosen as the headquarters of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and his nationalist movement, partly due to its central location. Following the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, Atatürk declared Ankara as the country’s new capital, replacing Istanbul. This decision was motivated by a desire to create a new identity for the nation distanced from its Ottoman past. Since then, Ankara has grown rapidly, transforming from a small town into a bustling modern city. Today, it’s a political, cultural, and economic hub, home to many government offices, foreign embassies, universities, and cultural institutions.Famous firsts and records of Ankara
Ankara, as the capital city of Turkey, has numerous notable “firsts” and great achievements associated with it. Some of these include: Capital City: Ankara became the capital of the newly established Republic of Turkey in 1923, moving the capital from Istanbul and marking a significant shift away from the Ottoman past towards a modern, secular nation-state. Atatürk’s Mausoleum: The Mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Republic of Turkey, is located in Ankara. It is a significant achievement of Turkish architecture and is a symbol of the country’s reverence for its founder. First Universities: Ankara is home to some of the oldest and most respected universities in Turkey. The University of Ankara, founded in 1946, was one of the first institutions of higher education in the Republic of Turkey. First Modern Art Museum: The Museum of Modern Art in Ankara was the first in Turkey dedicated to modern and contemporary art. The Grand National Assembly: The first Turkish Grand National Assembly was held in Ankara in 1920, marking the start of the Turkish War of Independence. Anıtkabir: One of the greatest architectural landmarks in the city, Anıtkabir, the monumental tomb of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, was completed in 1953. First Presidential Palace: The Çankaya Mansion served as the first presidential palace of Turkey until the completion of the new Presidential Complex in 2014. Bilkent University: Established in 1984, Bilkent University was the first private university in Turkey, known for its high educational standards and vibrant cultural life. First Operational Metro: Ankara has the first operational metro system in Turkey. The Ankara Metro has been in service since 1996. Presidential Symphony Orchestra: The Presidential Symphony Orchestra (CSO) is one of the oldest symphony orchestras in the world that is still active. It was founded in 1826 and has been based in Ankara since 1924.Historical places of Ankara
Ankara, being one of the oldest cities in the world, is rich in history and cultural heritage. Here are some of the most significant historical places in the city: Anıtkabir: This is the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder and first president of the Republic of Turkey. It’s not just a historical site, but also a symbol of Turkish national pride. The Roman Temple: This temple, also known as the Temple of Augustus, was built in the 2nd century AD. It houses the Monumentum Ancyranum, which is the best-preserved copy of the deeds of Emperor Augustus. The Citadel of Ankara: Located on a hill in the old city, this ancient fortification has been a strategic hold for several civilizations since its construction in the Roman period. The area around the castle is also an old quarter known for its narrow streets, old houses, and markets. Roman Bath: Located near the Ulus Square, this ancient bath was built by the Romans in the 3rd century and used as a public bath for several centuries. Hacı Bayram Mosque: This is one of the most important mosques in Ankara. It was built in the early 15th century and is located near the Temple of Augustus. Temple of Augustus and Rome: This temple, built between 25 BC and 20 BC, is a testament to the Roman history of Ankara. Julian’s Column: Also known as Julianus Sutunu, this Roman monument was erected in honor of the Roman Emperor Julian the Apostate’s visit to Ancyra (the ancient name for Ankara) in 362 AD. Ethnography Museum of Ankara: Although not as old as the others on this list, the Ethnography Museum of Ankara, opened in 1928, houses a rich collection of folkloric artifacts as well as artifacts from the Seljuk and Ottoman periods. Atatürk Forest Farm and Zoo (AOÇ): This is a recreational farming area and a zoo, established by Atatürk in 1925. Ankara Palas: Ankara Palas is a historical building serving as an official state guesthouse and hotel in the city. The hotel was designed by architect Vedat Tek upon the request of Atatürk and was completed in 1927.Who are the most famous people in the history of Ankara?
The most famous person associated with the history of Ankara is undoubtedly Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. While he was not born in Ankara, his decision to move the capital of Turkey from Istanbul to Ankara during the Turkish War of Independence (1919-1923) had a profound impact on the city’s development. Here’s a bit more about him: Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–1938): He was a Turkish field marshal, revolutionary statesman, and the founder of the Republic of Turkey as well as its first President. Atatürk implemented a series of radical reforms that aimed to modernize Turkey along Western lines. These included political, legal, and social reforms, as well as changes in education, language, and women’s rights. His leadership marked a significant break with Turkey’s Ottoman past and set the country on a path to becoming a modern, secular nation-state. Also, noteworthy, even though not as universally recognized as Atatürk: İsmet İnönü (1884–1973): He was a Turkish general and statesman, who served as the second President of Turkey from 1938 (following Atatürk’s death) until 1950. During his presidency, İnönü navigated Turkey through the difficult years of World War II, managing to keep the country neutral throughout most of the conflict. Bülent Ecevit (1925–2006): A Turkish politician, poet, writer, scholar, and journalist, who served as the Prime Minister of Turkey four times between 1974 and 2002. He also served as the leader of the Republican People’s Party (CHP) and later the Democratic Left Party (DSP). Ecevit is known for ordering the Turkish invasion of Cyprus in 1974.The 15 best things to do in Ankara
- Anıtkabir: This is the mausoleum of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of modern Turkey. The complex is also home to a museum that showcases Atatürk’s life and the history of the Turkish Republic.
- Museum of Anatolian Civilizations: This museum holds a rich collection of artefacts from the various civilizations that have flourished in Anatolia throughout history, including Hittite, Phrygian, and Urartian objects.
- Atakule Tower: This 125m-high tower offers panoramic views of the city and also houses a shopping mall and a revolving restaurant.
- Ankara Castle: This historical fortification has served as a stronghold for several civilizations since its construction in the Roman era. It offers excellent views of the city.
- Kocatepe Mosque: This is the largest mosque in Ankara and a symbol of the city. It’s a great place to experience Turkey’s Islamic culture.
- Haci Bayram Mosque and Temple of Augustus: These two historic sites are located side by side, demonstrating the diverse cultural history of Ankara.
- Roman Temple: This ancient site is worth visiting for those interested in history and archaeology.
- Ethnography Museum of Ankara: This museum showcases Turkish history, including clothing, carpets, and more.
- Gençlik Parkı: This park is an oasis in the bustling city, with a lake, several cafes and teahouses, and an amusement park.
- Eymir Lake: A quiet place away from the hustle and bustle of the city, it’s perfect for picnics, walking, or cycling.
- Kugulu Park: This is a popular park known for the swans that live in its pond.
- CerModern: This is Ankara’s modern art museum and is home to a range of exhibitions from Turkish and international artists.
- Altınköy Open Air Museum: This open-air museum gives visitors a taste of rural Turkish life.
- Beypazarı: A historic district known for its well-preserved Ottoman-era houses and its traditional Turkish cuisine.
- Seğmenler Park: This is one of the largest and most beautiful parks in Ankara, perfect for a walk or a picnic.
What are the best places to visit in Ankara?
Here are some of the best places to visit in Ankara: Anıtkabir: This mausoleum is dedicated to Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, the founder of the Turkish Republic. It’s a significant national symbol and is often busy with Turkish visitors paying their respects. Museum of Anatolian Civilizations: This museum, located in the historic Atpazarı district, holds a vast collection of artifacts from ancient Anatolia, spanning thousands of years. Ankara Castle: This ancient castle offers stunning panoramic views of the city. The surrounding area is also quite charming, filled with old houses, narrow streets, and small cafes. Haci Bayram Mosque: This is one of the oldest and most significant mosques in Ankara, located near the Temple of Augustus. Temple of Augustus: An ancient temple dedicated to Augustus, the first Roman Emperor, known for the “Monumentum Ancyranum,” an inscription in Latin and Greek describing the deeds of the emperor. Kocatepe Mosque: This mosque is the largest in Ankara, and its architecture is stunning. Atakule Tower: Visit this communication and observation tower in Ankara for a panoramic view of the city. Gençlik Park: A park in the city with a large lake, where you can rent paddleboats and enjoy a leisurely stroll. Roman Bath: The remains of the ancient Roman bathhouse are interesting to see. Ankara Citadel: Located in the old quarter, it’s a wonderful place to explore, offering beautiful views of the city. Kızılcahamam Söğütözü Nature Park: If you have time for a day trip, this park is a great option for hiking and enjoying nature. Beypazarı: A historic town around 100km west of Ankara, known for its beautiful Ottoman houses and silver handcrafts. CerModern: This modern art museum hosts various exhibitions and events. Ankara Opera House: Consider catching a performance here if you enjoy music and theater. Lake Eymir: A beautiful lake on the outskirts of the city, perfect for picnicking, cycling, or walking.Frequently asked questions about Ankara
What is Ankara known for?
Ankara is the capital city of Turkey and the second largest city in the country after Istanbul. Located in the central part of the country, it’s an important commercial and industrial city and a major transportation hub, connecting different regions of Turkey.
When is the best time to visit Ankara?
Spring (April to June): This is a great time to visit as the weather is mild and the city is in bloom. It’s an ideal time for sightseeing and walking around the city.
