Aspendos: Greco-Roman City Along The Mediterranean

Are you ready to discover the best-preserved theatre building from the ancient era of Anatolia? We are talking about Aspendos, the ancient Greco-Roman city that has hosted many civilizations on its lands. Started as an ancient Pamphylian city in Asia Minor, it is ruled by Lycians, then Persians… Of course, Alexander the Great came to the stage at some point and conquered the city, then Romans and Byzantines reigned before Seljuks, Ottomans, and lastly the Turkish Republic. The city theatre of Aspendos is associated with many of these civilizations, it is called the Greek Theatre, the Roman Theatre, etc…

To get to Aspendos, you can follow these general guidelines:

By Air: If you are arriving by air, the nearest airport is Antalya Airport (AYT), which is well-connected to domestic and international destinations. From the airport, you can take a taxi or arrange for a private transfer to Aspendos.

By Road: Aspendos is approximately 45 kilometers east of the city of Antalya. If you are already in Antalya, you can take a dolmus (shared minibus) or a taxi to reach Aspendos. Alternatively, you can rent a car and drive to Aspendos. The journey takes about 45 minutes, depending on traffic conditions.

Guided Tours: Another option is to join a guided tour that includes transportation to Aspendos. Many tour operators in Antalya offer day trips to Aspendos, which often include visits to other nearby attractions as well.

When visiting Aspendos, it’s important to pack appropriately for a comfortable and enjoyable experience. Here are some essential items to consider:

Comfortable Clothing: Opt for lightweight, breathable clothing suitable for the Mediterranean climate. Choose items such as shorts, t-shirts, summer dresses, and skirts. Also, pack a light jacket or sweater for cooler evenings.

Sun Protection: Aspendos can be quite sunny, so pack essential sun protection items. Include sunscreen with a high SPF, sunglasses, a wide-brimmed hat, and a lightweight scarf or shawl to cover your shoulders.

Comfortable Shoes: Aspendos involves a fair amount of walking, so comfortable shoes are a must. Choose sturdy, closed-toe shoes with good grip to navigate ancient ruins and uneven terrain.

Water and Snacks: It’s important to stay hydrated, so bring a reusable water bottle to refill throughout the day. Pack some snacks such as energy bars or fruits to keep yourself fueled during your visit.

Camera and Binoculars: Capture the beauty of Aspendos and its surroundings by bringing a camera or smartphone with a good camera. Binoculars may also come in handy to observe details or distant landscapes.

Backpack or Day Bag: A small backpack or day bag is useful for carrying your essentials. It should be lightweight and comfortable to carry while exploring the site.

Travel Documents: Don’t forget to bring your identification, travel insurance information, and any necessary tickets or reservations related to your visit to Aspendos.

Cash and Card: Ensure you have some cash on hand for entrance fees, souvenirs, or any unexpected expenses. It’s also wise to carry a credit or debit card for convenience and emergencies.

Travel Guide or Map: Consider bringing a travel guidebook or a printed map of Aspendos to help you navigate the site and learn about its history.

Extra Essentials: Additional items that may be useful include a portable phone charger, insect repellent, a small umbrella, and a first aid kit.

Here are some suggestions for where to stay in Aspendos:

Belek: Belek is a popular tourist destination located approximately 10 kilometers from Aspendos. It offers a wide range of luxury resorts, all-inclusive hotels, and boutique accommodations. Belek is known for its beautiful beaches, golf courses, and spa resorts.

Side: Side is a charming coastal town located about 30 kilometers from Aspendos. It features a mix of ancient ruins and modern amenities. There are numerous hotels and resorts in Side, ranging from budget-friendly options to upscale establishments. The town also offers a picturesque harbor, sandy beaches, and a vibrant dining and nightlife scene.

Antalya City: If you prefer to stay closer to the city center, Antalya offers a wide selection of accommodations. Aspendos is approximately 45 kilometers east of Antalya, so staying in the city allows you to explore both the historical sites and the modern amenities that Antalya has to offer. Antalya offers a range of hotels, guesthouses, and apartments to suit various budgets and preferences.

Here are the key characteristics of Aspendos’ climate:

Summers (June to August): Summers in Aspendos are hot and dry. Average temperatures range from 25 to 35 degrees Celsius (77 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit). The region receives very little rainfall during this season, and the days are generally sunny and clear.

Spring (March to May) and Autumn (September to November): These transitional seasons in Aspendos are mild and pleasant. Temperatures range from 15 to 25 degrees Celsius (59 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). It is an ideal time to visit if you prefer more comfortable temperatures and fewer crowds.

Winters (December to February): Winters in Aspendos are mild and relatively wet. Average temperatures range from 10 to 15 degrees Celsius (50 to 59 degrees Fahrenheit). While the region experiences some rainfall during this season, it is still relatively mild compared to other parts of Turkey.

Here are some considerations for each season:

Spring (March to May): Spring is a popular time to visit Aspendos as the weather is mild and pleasant. The temperatures are comfortable, ranging from 15 to 25 degrees Celsius (59 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). The landscape is green and vibrant, making it a great time for outdoor activities and exploring the ancient ruins of Aspendos.

Summer (June to August): Summer in Aspendos can be hot, with temperatures ranging from 25 to 35 degrees Celsius (77 to 95 degrees Fahrenheit). However, if you enjoy warm weather and want to take advantage of the nearby beaches, summer can be an ideal time to visit. It is also the peak tourist season, so expect larger crowds.

Autumn (September to November): Autumn in Aspendos is another favorable time to visit. The temperatures are still pleasant, ranging from 15 to 25 degrees Celsius (59 to 77 degrees Fahrenheit). The weather is typically sunny, and the tourist crowds start to thin out compared to the summer months. It is a great time for sightseeing, exploring the ruins, and enjoying outdoor activities.

Winter (December to February): Winter in Aspendos is mild and relatively wet. While it may not be the most popular time to visit, it can still offer a unique experience. The temperatures range from 10 to 15 degrees Celsius (50 to 59 degrees Fahrenheit). You can enjoy fewer crowds, lower prices on accommodation, and a more local experience. However, some tourist services and attractions may have reduced hours or closures during this season.

Here is an overview of the history of Aspendos:

Ancient Period: Aspendos was founded by the Greeks in the 5th century BCE. It was initially established as a colony of Argos, a city in ancient Greece. Aspendos became an important city in the region and developed into a prosperous and culturally significant center.

Persian Rule: In the 5th century BCE, Aspendos fell under Persian rule as part of the Achaemenid Empire. However, the city maintained a level of autonomy and continued to flourish under Persian influence.

Hellenistic and Roman Periods: Aspendos thrived during the Hellenistic period and later came under Roman rule in the 2nd century BCE. The Romans further developed the city and expanded its infrastructure, including the construction of the iconic theater that still stands today.

Byzantine Era: With the decline of the Roman Empire, Aspendos came under Byzantine control in the 4th century CE. During this period, Christianity became the dominant religion, and several churches were built in the city.

Seljuk and Ottoman Periods: In the 12th century, Aspendos was conquered by the Seljuk Turks. Later, during the 14th century, it came under the control of the Ottoman Empire. However, Aspendos gradually declined in importance and was eventually abandoned in the 14th century.

Here are some of the famous firsts and greatest aspects associated with Aspendos:

Theater: The most famous and impressive landmark of Aspendos is its ancient theater. Built during the Roman period in the 2nd century BCE, the theater is renowned for its exceptional acoustics and architectural design. It is considered one of the best-preserved ancient theaters in the world and is still used for performances and concerts today.

Aqueduct: Aspendos is known for its impressive Roman aqueduct, which brought water to the city from the nearby mountains. The aqueduct demonstrates the engineering prowess of the Romans and served as an essential water supply system for the city.

Architectural Brilliance: Aspendos is celebrated for its remarkable architecture, particularly seen in the theater and the remaining structures within the ancient city. The theater’s design, with its grand seating area, stage, and stunning backdrop, showcases the skill and artistry of ancient Roman architects.

City Planning: Aspendos is considered a well-planned ancient city. Its layout includes well-defined streets, public spaces, and a well-preserved agora (marketplace). The city’s design reflects the organized and structured urban planning principles of the ancient Romans.

Cultural Heritage: Aspendos has preserved a rich cultural heritage, encompassing not only its impressive architecture but also its artistic and intellectual contributions. The city was home to renowned philosophers, poets, and artists of ancient times, who contributed to the intellectual and cultural life of the region.

Historical Significance: Aspendos played a significant role in the history of the region as a thriving city during the Hellenistic and Roman periods. It served as an important trade and cultural center, connecting different civilizations and contributing to cultural exchange in the ancient world.

Here are some of the notable historical sites in Aspendos:

Aspendos Theater: The highlight of Aspendos is its ancient theater, built during the Roman period in the 2nd century BCE. This well-preserved theater is renowned for its remarkable acoustics and grand architecture. It could accommodate up to 15,000 spectators and is still used for performances and cultural events today.

Agora: The Agora of Aspendos was the central marketplace and gathering place of the city. It was a bustling hub of commercial and social activities, featuring various shops, workshops, and public spaces. Although only a few ruins remain, it provides insights into the vibrant life of ancient Aspendos.

Aqueduct: The Roman aqueduct of Aspendos is a testament to the engineering prowess of the ancient Romans. It served to supply water to the city from nearby mountains, and parts of the aqueduct can still be seen today.

Nymphaeum: The Nymphaeum, located near the theater, was a monumental fountain and shrine dedicated to the nymphs, water nymphs in Greek mythology. It featured ornate decorations and provided a water source for the city’s residents.

Roman Bridge: Aspendos is also home to a well-preserved Roman bridge that crosses the Köprüçay River. This ancient bridge is an impressive architectural structure and offers picturesque views of the surrounding natural landscape.

City Walls: The ancient city of Aspendos was surrounded by fortified walls to protect it from invasions. While most of the walls have been destroyed over time, remnants can still be found in certain areas, offering a glimpse into the city’s defensive infrastructure.

Here are a few notable figures associated with Aspendos:

Xenophon: Xenophon, the ancient Greek philosopher, historian, and soldier, is believed to have visited Aspendos during his military campaigns. He wrote about his experiences in his famous work “Anabasis,” providing valuable insights into the region’s history.

Zenon of Aspendos: Zenon of Aspendos was a philosopher and logician who lived during the Hellenistic period. He was known for his contributions to stoic philosophy and is considered one of the important figures in the development of ancient Greek thought.

Belkis (Queen of Sheba): According to some legends and local folklore, Belkis, also known as the Queen of Sheba, is associated with Aspendos. It is believed that she visited the city during her journey to meet King Solomon in ancient Israel.

Here are 15 of the best things to do in Aspendos:

1. 1. Explore the Aspendos Theater: Visit the well-preserved ancient theater, known for its remarkable acoustics and grand architecture.
   2. Attend a Performance: Enjoy a live performance or concert at the Aspendos Theater to experience the venue’s incredible ambiance.
   3. Visit the Aspendos Museum: Learn more about the history of Aspendos and its archaeological discoveries at the on-site museum.
   4. Discover the Agora: Explore the remains of the ancient marketplace and immerse yourself in the city’s commercial and social hub.
   5. Walk Along the City Walls: Take a stroll along the remnants of the city walls and appreciate the defensive structures of ancient Aspendos.
   6. Marvel at the Roman Aqueduct: Admire the impressive Roman aqueduct that once supplied water to the city and marvel at its architectural prowess.
   7. Visit the Nymphaeum: Discover the ancient fountain dedicated to the nymphs and admire its ornate decorations.
   8. Explore the Temple of Apollo: Visit the remains of the Temple of Apollo, an important religious site in ancient Aspendos.
   9. Enjoy the Roman Bridge: Cross the Roman bridge over the Koprucay River and take in the scenic views of the surrounding landscape.
   10. Discover the Stadium: Explore the ancient stadium of Aspendos, where athletic competitions were held in the past.
   11. Wander Through the Ancient City: Take your time to explore the ruins and remnants of the ancient city, imagining life in ancient times.
   12. Visit the Basilica: Discover the remains of the Basilica, an early Christian church with impressive architectural features.
   13. Enjoy the Surrounding Nature: Take a walk in the natural surroundings of Aspendos and enjoy the peaceful atmosphere.
   14. Have a Picnic: Find a quiet spot within the archaeological site or the nearby nature and have a relaxing picnic.
   15. Capture Photos: Don’t forget to bring your camera and capture the breathtaking views, ancient structures, and natural beauty of Aspendos.

Here are some of the best ones:

Aspendos Theater: The highlight of Aspendos is its ancient theater, considered one of the best-preserved Roman theaters in the world. Marvel at its grand architecture and explore the seating area, stage, and other features.

Aspendos Aqueduct: The Roman aqueduct of Aspendos is an impressive structure that once supplied water to the city. Admire its arches and learn about the engineering prowess of the ancient Romans.

Aspendos Museum: Located near the theater, the Aspendos Museum displays artifacts and exhibits related to the history of the region. Explore the collection to gain a deeper understanding of Aspendos’ past.

Aspendos Bridge: This well-preserved ancient bridge, also known as Koprupazar Bridge, spans the Eurymedon River. Take a walk across the bridge and enjoy the scenic views of the surrounding landscape.

Aspendos Basilica: Explore the remains of the early Christian basilica, an important religious site in ancient Aspendos. Admire the architectural features and imagine its former grandeur.

Agora: Visit the ancient marketplace of Aspendos and imagine the bustling commercial and social activity that once took place here. Discover the ruins of shops, public buildings, and more.

Nymphaeum: Admire the beautifully decorated Nymphaeum, an ancient fountain dedicated to the nymphs. Marvel at the intricate details and architectural elements.

City Walls: Walk along the remnants of the city walls and appreciate the defensive structures of ancient Aspendos. Enjoy panoramic views of the surrounding area from the elevated vantage point.

Stadium: Explore the ancient stadium of Aspendos, where athletic competitions were held. Walk along the track and imagine the excitement of ancient sports events.

Temple of Apollo: Visit the remains of the Temple of Apollo, an important religious site in Aspendos. Admire the architectural features and learn about its historical significance.

Rock Tombs: Explore the rock-cut tombs in the vicinity of Aspendos. These ancient burial sites offer a glimpse into the burial customs and architectural styles of the time.

Here are some of the best Aspendos tours:

Aspendos Ancient City and Theater Tour: This tour focuses on the highlights of Aspendos, including a guided visit to the ancient city ruins and the well-preserved Roman theater.

Aspendos and Perge Tour: Combine a visit to Aspendos with a trip to the nearby ancient city of Perge. Explore the ruins of both sites and learn about their historical significance.

Aspendos and Side Tour: Discover the ancient city of Side along with a visit to Aspendos. Explore the archaeological remains of Side, including the theater and Temple of Apollo.

Antalya City and Aspendos Tour: This tour combines a visit to Aspendos with a comprehensive city tour of Antalya. Explore the highlights of Antalya’s historical sites, including the Old Town and Hadrian’s Gate.