About Agri
Ağrı is a city in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey, and serves as the capital of Ağrı Province. Named after the nearby Mount Ararat (Ağrı Dağı), it stands on a plateau 1,650 meters above sea level, making it one of the highest provincial capitals in Turkey.
Geographical Significance: Ağrı’s proximity to Mount Ararat, Turkey’s highest peak and a significant symbol in both regional folklore and many global cultures due to its biblical associations with Noah’s Ark, defines much of its allure and character. The region is known for its rugged terrain, with the mountain itself being a popular destination for climbers and hikers.
Cultural Heritage: Ağrı’s rich history is influenced by the various civilizations that have thrived in this region, from Urartians and Armenians to Persians, Romans, and eventually Turks. This cultural melange has left a wealth of traditions and historical sites.
Demographics: The province is predominantly Kurdish, with a mix of other ethnic groups such as Turks and Azeris. This diversity is reflected in the languages spoken, cultural practices, and festivities.
Economy: Traditionally, the economy of Ağrı has been based on agriculture and animal husbandry, although in recent years there have been efforts to develop tourism, taking advantage of its unique landscapes and historical sites.
Climate: Ağrı has a continental climate with long, cold, snowy winters and warm, dry summers. This climate affects the lifestyle and activities of its residents, as well as the best times for tourists to visit the area.
Modern Ağrı: Today’s Ağrı is a growing city that is expanding its infrastructure and amenities. While it may not be as well-known or as frequently visited as some other parts of Turkey, it offers a unique experience for those interested in off-the-beaten-path travel, history, and nature.
How to get to Agri
Here’s how you can get there:
By Air
- Ağrı Ahmed-i Hani Airport (AJI): This is the most convenient way to reach Ağrı. There are daily flights from Istanbul and Ankara. Once you arrive at the airport, you can take a taxi or a shuttle to get to the city center or your hotel.
By Road
- Bus: There are regular intercity bus services to Ağrı from major cities in Turkey like Istanbul, Ankara, Izmir, and others. The journey can be long but buses in Turkey are comfortable and often provide a service that includes refreshments and television.
- Car: If you’re driving, you’ll find that Ağrı is well-connected by road. It’s a long drive from western Turkey, but the roads are generally in good condition. Ensure your vehicle is well-equipped for the journey, especially in winter, as conditions can be tough.
By Rail
- Train: While Ağrı doesn’t have a railway station, the nearest stations are in Erzurum and Kars. From these cities, you can catch a bus or rent a car to Ağrı. It’s an additional journey of a few hours from these locations.
What to pack for Agri
When packing for a trip to Ağrı, it’s important to consider the season you’re traveling in, as the city experiences significant climatic changes between summer and winter. Here’s a guide on what to pack for each season:
For Summer (June – September)
- Lightweight Clothing: Pack light, breathable clothing for the day.
- Long Sleeves and Pants: To protect against the sun and for modesty when visiting religious sites.
- Jacket or Sweater: Nights can be cool, even in summer, so bring something warm for the evenings.
- Comfortable Footwear: For exploring the city or if you plan to hike, durable walking shoes or hiking boots are essential.
- Sun Protection: Sunscreen, a hat, and sunglasses to protect against the strong sun.
- Daypack: For carrying water, snacks, and other essentials during day trips.
For Winter (December – March)
- Heavy Winter Clothing: Warm layers, including thermal underwear, are a must.
- Insulated Jacket: Down or synthetic insulated jackets to withstand the cold.
- Waterproof Boots: Ensure they have good grip for icy conditions.
- Accessories: Gloves, a warm hat, and a scarf to protect extremities from the cold.
- Moisturizer and Lip Balm: To combat the dry, cold air.
For Spring and Autumn
- Layered Clothing: Temperatures can fluctuate, so wear layers that can be easily added or removed.
- Rain Jacket or Umbrella: Be prepared for rain showers, especially in spring.
Year-Round Essentials
- Personal Medications: Plus any preferred remedies for potential colds due to the climate.
- Travel Adapters and Chargers: Turkey uses European-style two-pin plugs.
- Camera: For capturing the stunning landscapes and historic architecture.
- Binoculars: If you’re interested in birdwatching or want a closer look at the mountainous terrain.
- Turkish Phrasebook or App: English is not widely spoken, especially in rural areas.
Where to stay in Agri?
Hotels in Ağrı City
- Grand Cenas Hotel – A reputable hotel known for its comfortable rooms and convenient location. They offer amenities that might include a restaurant, free Wi-Fi, and conference facilities.
- Hotel İpekyolu – Located in the city center, this hotel offers easy access to local attractions and amenities. It has been known for providing guests with a comfortable stay and has a range of room options.
- Birlik Sahin Hotel – This hotel is known for its hospitality and has traditionally offered services such as free Wi-Fi, breakfast, and a variety of room choices.
Near Mount Ararat
- Mount Ararat Hotel – As the name suggests, this hotel caters to climbers and trekkers heading to Mount Ararat. It’s a good base camp for those looking to explore the mountain.
- Butik Ertur Hotel – A smaller establishment that offers a cozy stay with mountain views, serving as a peaceful retreat after a day of adventure.
Budget Options
- Otel Ağrı Dağı – A budget-friendly option that has provided basic accommodations for travelers watching their expenses.
- Ararat Hotel – Another cost-effective hotel, known for clean rooms and being a straightforward choice for overnight stays.
Boutique and Historical Hotels
- Diyadin Kervansaray Hotel – For those interested in historical places, this hotel has offered a unique experience, situated in a restored caravanserai (a roadside inn for travelers in the past).
What type of climate does Agri have?
Ağrı, situated in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey, experiences a continental climate with strong influences from the high altitude and mountainous terrain surrounding it. This type of climate is characterized by sharp fluctuations in temperature between seasons and even between day and night.
Summer:
- Warm Days/Cool Nights: The summer months can bring warm or even hot daytime temperatures, but the nights often remain cool due to the altitude.
- Dry Conditions: Summers are generally dry, with occasional rainfall.
Winter:
- Cold and Snowy: Winters are long, cold, and snowy. Temperatures can drop significantly below freezing.
- Heavy Snowfall: Snowfall is common and can be quite heavy, particularly in the mountainous areas, leading to snow cover that lasts for a significant part of the season.
Spring and Autumn:
- Variable Temperatures: These transitional seasons can see a wide range of temperatures. Spring can start cold and gradually warm up, while autumn sees a drop from the summer heat to the winter cold.
- Precipitation: Both spring and autumn can experience higher levels of precipitation than summer, with spring being particularly wet.
When is the best time to visit Agri?
The best time to visit Ağrı largely depends on what you plan to do during your stay. Here is a breakdown by season to help you decide:
Spring (April to June)
Spring can be an excellent time to visit Ağrı, as the weather starts to warm up and the landscape is often lush and green. However, early spring can still be quite cold, and there may be residual snow, especially in higher altitudes. If you’re interested in outdoor activities like hiking and want to see the countryside at its most vibrant, late spring (May to June) would be ideal.
Summer (July to September)
Summer is the most popular time for tourists in Ağrı, especially for those who wish to climb Mount Ararat. The weather is warmest during these months, making it suitable for trekking and exploring. However, even in summer, nights can be cool due to the high elevation, so you should still pack some warm clothing. The downside of visiting in summer can be the larger crowds at popular tourist spots.
Autumn (October to November)
Autumn, like spring, sees fewer tourists and can be a pleasant time to visit. The temperatures start to drop, but early autumn still offers comfortable weather for sightseeing. The changing colors of the leaves can be quite beautiful in the region. Later in the season, the weather can turn cold, and there is an increased chance of snow as winter approaches.
Winter (December to March)
Winter is the least popular time to visit due to the cold and snow, which can be heavy in Ağrı. If you enjoy winter sports or the snowy landscape, it might still be appealing. Keep in mind that many outdoor activities could be limited during this time, and some roads might be impassable due to snow.
Optimal Time
For general sightseeing and comfortable weather conditions, late spring to early autumn (May through September) is typically considered the best time to visit Ağrı. This window provides a good balance between pleasant weather and accessibility to the region’s natural and historical sites. If Mount Ararat is your main destination for climbing, the optimal time would be from July to September when the mountain is usually accessible. Always check local weather forecasts and conditions before planning your trip, as the weather can be quite unpredictable.
The history of Agri
The region of Ağrı, with its historical name of Ararat, is steeped in a rich and complex history that reflects the various civilizations that have inhabited the area throughout the millennia.
Prehistoric and Ancient Times
The history of Ağrı can be traced back to prehistoric times. The presence of Mount Ararat has been a significant landmark since antiquity and is reputed in Judeo-Christian tradition as the resting place of Noah’s Ark after the biblical flood, although this has never been historically substantiated.
Urartian Kingdom
During the first millennium BCE, the area was part of the Urartian Kingdom. The Urartians were a civilization that flourished in the eastern Anatolia region, leaving behind fortresses, inscriptions, and artifacts that are sometimes unearthed in archaeological digs.
Armenian Kingdom
Following the decline of Urartu, the region came under the influence of the Armenians, who established a kingdom in the area. The territory of historical Armenia often included parts of what is now Ağrı, and the region is still home to many ancient Armenian historical sites, although many have deteriorated over time or have been repurposed.
Persian and Hellenistic Periods
Ağrı saw the domination of the Persian Empire, followed by the conquests of Alexander the Great. In the subsequent Hellenistic period, the region saw a blend of Greek and indigenous cultural influences.
Roman and Byzantine Eras
The Romans and later the Byzantines controlled the region for several centuries. Christianity spread during these times, and numerous churches and monasteries were established.
Arab Caliphates
The Arab Caliphates took over in the 7th century, bringing Islam to the area. Ağrı became a frontier zone between the Byzantine Empire and the Islamic Caliphates.
Seljuk and Ottoman Periods
The Seljuk Turks began to exert their influence in the 11th century, and Ağrı became a part of the Seljuk Empire. It eventually became part of the Ottoman Empire, experiencing further development and becoming a stop on important trade routes.
19th to 20th Century
In the 19th century, the region was the scene of competition between the Russian and Ottoman empires. Following World War I and the subsequent Turkish War of Independence, the borders of the modern Republic of Turkey were drawn, and Ağrı became an official province in 1927.
Modern Times
In recent history, Ağrı has been an agricultural and trade center, although it has faced challenges due to its remote location and economic issues. Today, Ağrı is also known for its natural beauty, with Mount Ararat being a symbol of the region and a popular destination for hikers and mountain climbers.
Throughout its history, Ağrı has been a crossroads of civilizations and a tapestry of various peoples and cultures, from ancient tribes and empires to modern-day Turkey, each leaving their mark on the history and culture of the region.
Famous firsts and greatest of Agri
Ağrı, a province in Eastern Turkey, while not widely known for global “firsts” or “greatest” in the way that some other places might be, does have its unique features and significant cultural contributions:
Famous Firsts:
- Mount Ararat (Ağrı Dağı): While not a “first” in human accomplishments, Mount Ararat holds a prominent place in biblical history as the alleged resting place of Noah’s Ark. If the biblical account is considered a historical event, then the firsts associated with it would be deeply significant.
- The Treaty of Gümrü: Ağrı was close to the location where the Treaty of Gümrü (also known as the Treaty of Alexandropol) was signed in 1920 between the Democratic Republic of Armenia and the Grand National Assembly of Turkey, marking the first treaty of the Turkish War of Independence.
Greatest:
- Mount Ararat: This is the highest peak in Turkey and the Armenian plateau, standing at 5,137 meters (16,854 feet). It is a dormant compound volcano and is the central natural feature of Ağrı, drawing tourists, hikers, and climbers from all over the world.
- Ishak Pasha Palace: Although not located in Ağrı city itself but in the province, this is one of the most distinguished and significant examples of Ottoman architecture from the 18th century in Eastern Turkey.
- Cultural Richness: Ağrı represents a blend of cultures and traditions, including Kurdish, Turkish, and remnants of Armenian culture. It stands as a testament to the region’s diverse history.
- Natural Beauty and Biodiversity: Ağrı’s environment, especially around Mount Ararat and the Murat River, is considered some of the most stunning in Eastern Anatolia, with unique flora and fauna.
Historical places of Agri
Here are some of the noteworthy historical sites in and around Ağrı:
- Ishak Pasha Palace (İshak Paşa Sarayı): Perhaps the most famous historical landmark in the Ağrı province, this palace is an exquisite example of Ottoman architecture with influences from Persian, Armenian, and Georgian styles. It is located near the town of Doğubayazıt and was built in the late 17th to early 18th century. The palace complex includes a mosque, a fortress, and several other buildings, offering a panoramic view of the valley below.
- Meteor Pit (Meteor Çukuru): Near the village of Sarıçavuş, there is a large crater created by a meteorite fall many years ago. It is an intriguing natural site with historical significance due to the impact of the meteor on the local landscape.
- The Urartian Castle of Doğubayazıt (Doğubayazıt Kalesi): Although now in ruins, this castle is a testament to the ancient Urartian kingdom that once ruled the region. It offers insights into the military architecture of the time and provides visitors with a historical context for the region’s significance in ancient times.
- The Tomb of Ahmedi Hani: Ahmedi Hani was an influential Kurdish poet and philosopher, best known for his work ‘Mem and Zin’, a classic Kurdish love story. His tomb in Doğubayazıt is an important site for Kurdish culture and history.
- Durupınar site: It is an alleged site of Noah’s Ark near Mount Ararat, though it is not archaeologically substantiated, it attracts those interested in biblical archaeology.
- Bayezid Mosque: This is an Ottoman-era mosque located in Doğubayazıt. Despite suffering from some structural damage over the centuries, it still stands as a fine example of Ottoman religious architecture.
- Muradiye Waterfall: While more natural than historical, the Muradiye Waterfall and its surroundings have been a part of human history for centuries, offering scenic views and a place of respite for travelers.
- The Armenian Church of the Holy Cross (Surp Khach): This church lies in the vicinity of Ağrı and is a relic of the region’s Armenian heritage. Though it is not as well-preserved as some other historical sites, it speaks to the diverse religious history of the area.
These historical sites are not only attractions for tourists but also serve as crucial pieces in the puzzle of Anatolian and Armenian history. Visitors to Ağrı are often struck by the deep historical layers visible in the landscape, architecture, and culture of this region.
Who is the most famous people in the history of Agri?
When discussing the most famous figures in the history of Ağrı, it is important to consider both historical and contemporary individuals who have had a significant impact or who have become well-known for their association with the region. Here are a few notable figures:
- Ahmedi Hani (1651–1707): A renowned Kurdish poet, mystic, and philosopher from the Ağrı region, Ahmedi Hani is best known for his work “Mem û Zîn”, a classic Kurdish love story. His literary contributions have made him a celebrated figure among the Kurdish people.
- Ishak Pasha: Although not a single person, the Ishak Pasha family, who were influential Ottoman administrators and leaders in the 18th century, are significant historical figures associated with Ağrı. The family is best known for constructing the Ishak Pasha Palace, which remains a major landmark in the region.
- Cafer Tayyar Eğilmez (1877–1958): A military officer in the Ottoman Army and a general in the Turkish Army, he was born in Ağrı and is known for his role during the Battle of Gallipoli and the Turkish War of Independence.
The 15 best things to do in Agri
Exploring Ağrı offers a blend of natural beauty, cultural heritage, and historical depth. Here is a list of the 15 best things to do while visiting this intriguing region:
- Climb Mount Ararat (Ağrı Dağı): For adventurers and climbers, reaching the summit of this iconic mountain can be a trip of a lifetime. It’s best done with a guided tour due to its challenging nature.
- Visit Ishak Pasha Palace: Explore the stunning 18th-century Ottoman palace near Doğubayazıt, which offers a mix of Armenian, Persian, and Ottoman architectural styles.
- Explore the Doğubayazıt and Urartian Castles: These ruins offer a glimpse into the region’s ancient and medieval past.
- Noah’s Ark National Park: While the existence of the Ark is a matter of belief, the park is a point of interest for many and offers wonderful hiking opportunities.
- Ski at Mount Ararat: For winter sports enthusiasts, the slopes of Mount Ararat provide an excellent skiing experience.
- Visit the Muradiye Waterfalls: Enjoy the picturesque waterfalls and surrounding nature, especially during the spring melt.
- Take a Thermal Bath: The Diyadin Hot Springs are known for their therapeutic properties.
- Explore the City of Ağrı: Dive into local life, markets, and try regional foods.
- Tour the Meteor Pit: Visit the site near Sarıçavuş village to see the impact crater from a fallen meteorite.
- Admire the Views from Eleşkirt Valley: This valley offers stunning landscapes and is perfect for photography enthusiasts.
- See the Balık Gölü: A sacred place for Armenians, this “Fish Lake” is known for its clear waters and the nearby Monastery of Narek.
- Enjoy the Local Cuisine: Sample regional dishes like kavurma (braised meat), abdigor köftesi, and a variety of cheeses and honey.
- Walk through the İremiş Bazaar: Shop for local crafts, spices, and textiles in this traditional market.
- Visit the Ağrı Archaeology Museum: Learn about the region’s history and see artifacts from various archaeological sites.
- Attend the Ağrı Culture and Art Festival: If you’re visiting in September, you can experience local culture, music, and dance.
What is the best places to visit in Agri?
Ağrı, a province rich with natural wonders and historical treasures in Eastern Turkey, presents a range of must-visit places for travelers. Here are some of the best places to visit:
Mount Ararat (Ağrı Dağı): This dormant volcano is Turkey’s highest peak and is a central figure in the region’s geography and mythology. It is a favorite destination for mountaineers and those interested in biblical history.
Ishak Pasha Palace (İshak Paşa Sarayı): Located near the Iranian border in Doğubayazıt, this palace is an impressive example of Ottoman architecture with influences from different cultures. It is one of the few examples of historical Turkish palaces.
Doğubayazıt: This town is not only the gateway to Mount Ararat and Ishak Pasha Palace, but also has its own charm with local markets and the Urartian Castle ruins.
Meteor Crater: Near the village of Sarıçavuş, you can visit the site of a meteor impact that created an impressive crater, offering a unique geological experience.
Diyadin Hot Springs: Known for their therapeutic properties, these hot springs are a perfect place for relaxation.
Muradiye Waterfall: Located on the Bendimahi River, these falls are a beautiful natural attraction, especially in the spring.
The City of Ağrı: The provincial capital itself offers local markets, mosques, and the opportunity to experience daily life in this part of Turkey.
The Durupınar site: An area near Mount Ararat that resembles the shape of a large ship and is associated by some with Noah’s Ark, it is an interesting location for those fascinated by the story.
Eleşkirt Valley: Offering panoramic views of the landscape, it’s a beautiful spot for photographers and nature lovers.
Ağrı Archaeology Museum: To get an overview of the area’s rich history and see artifacts from different eras, this museum is a valuable resource.
Balık Gölü (Fish Lake): Although more of a religious site, it is also appreciated for its scenic beauty.
Noah’s Ark National Park: While its connection to the actual Ark is debated, the national park area offers great hiking paths and outdoor activities.
The Little Mosque (Küçük Cami): A historical site in Ağrı city with architectural significance.
The best Agri Tours
Below are some of the recommended tour types that can provide a comprehensive and enriching experience:
Mount Ararat Expeditions: These tours are aimed at adventurers looking to climb Turkey’s highest peak. They usually include guides, permits (since it’s a military zone), equipment, and sometimes even porters and cooks. It’s essential to choose a reputable company with experience in high-altitude trekking.
Cultural and Historical Tours: These tours focus on visiting historical landmarks like Ishak Pasha Palace, the ancient Urartian Castle ruins, and the Doğubayazıt area. They often include knowledgeable guides who provide insights into the rich history of the region.
Photography Tours: With Ağrı’s diverse landscapes, from the grandeur of Mount Ararat to the beauty of Muradiye Waterfalls, photography tours cater to professionals and enthusiasts alike, offering them the chance to capture stunning natural and architectural scenes.
Culinary Tours: Such tours explore the unique flavors of Ağrı, including local cheeses, kavurma (braised meat), and honey. They might also include visits to local bazaars and family-run eateries.
Religious and Pilgrimage Tours: For those interested in the biblical history associated with Mount Ararat and Noah’s Ark, there are tours that focus on the religious significance of the area, including visits to sites like the Durupınar formation and local monasteries or churches.
What is the traditional food of Agri?
Here are some traditional foods from Ağrı:
Abdigor Koftesi: These are meatballs made with a mixture of minced meat, bulgur, and various spices. They’re a staple in Ağrı and are often enjoyed with yogurt or butter on top.
Kavurma: This is a dish of braised meat, usually lamb or goat, which is cooked in its own fat and is a common feature in festive meals.
Keskek: A traditional wedding dish made from pounded wheat and meat, usually chicken or lamb, cooked slowly until it becomes a thick porridge-like consistency.
Tutmaç Soup: A comforting soup made with yoghurt, flour, and egg, often including chickpeas and served with pieces of flatbread throughout.
Ayran: A refreshing yogurt-based beverage that is commonly consumed throughout Turkey. It pairs well with the rich and hearty dishes of Ağrı.
Yarpag Dolmasi: Grape leaves stuffed with a mix of rice, onion, and sometimes meat, similar to the more widely known dolma but with local variations in seasoning.
Hengel: A type of pasta dish similar to ravioli, filled with meat or potatoes and served with a garlic yogurt sauce.
Herbed Cheeses: In the highlands of Ağrı, a variety of cheeses are made, some of which are infused with wild herbs unique to the region.
Honey: The region’s flora gives rise to unique honey, often made from wild mountain flowers and pine trees.
Bulgur Dishes: Bulgur wheat is a staple and is used in a variety of dishes, from salads (like tabbouleh) to pilafs and stuffing.
What is the most popular gift in Agri?
In Ağrı, as in many places in Turkey, popular gifts often include items that are unique to the region or reflect its cultural and historical heritage. Here are some popular gifts and souvenirs that you could consider from Ağrı:
Local Handicrafts: The area is known for its traditional crafts. Handwoven carpets and kilims, often made by local Kurdish and Turkish communities, make for a beautiful and authentic gift.
Turkish Delights and Sweets: Turkish delights (lokum) or regional sweets like baklava are popular and can be found in speciality sweet shops.
Spices and Teas: Turkish spices, herbs, and blends, such as those used in Turkish tea or coffee, are flavorful gifts that are easy to pack and transport.
Honey: Ağrı’s unique flora lends a distinct taste to its local honey, which is a treasured gift and a sweet reminder of the region’s natural beauty.
Cheese: Eastern Anatolia has a variety of cheeses that are unique to the region. They can be a special gift if you have a way to keep them cool during transport.
Copperware: Copper craftsmanship is a Turkish tradition, and you can find beautifully etched or hammered copper plates, bowls, and other items that reflect skilled artisan work.
Jewelry: Traditional Turkish silver jewelry, often featuring intricate designs and sometimes semi-precious stones, makes a valuable and compact gift.
Textiles: Embroidered scarves, shawls, and other textiles that represent the intricate work and patterns of the region.